Furthermore, blocking VCAM-1 obviously attenuated Ang II-caused arterial hypertension, infiltration of VLA-4-positive macrophages, and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL6 and TNF-ɑ) and ROS production, which activating multiple signaling pathways leading to amelioration of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Here, TNF is linked to Hypertension.