After adjustment for potential confounders, the risk of acute pancreatitis of SGLT-2i combined with DPP-4i, GLP-1RA, metformin, insulin, glinide, ACEIs and PPIs was higher than that of SGLT-2i monotherapy (adjusted OR 1.39, 1.97, 1.29, 1.21, 2.55, 1.34, 1.32, respectively). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is acute pancreatitis.