NR1H3 and colitis: Also involved in cholesterol homeostasis and TG metabolism in the intestinal mucosa are the nuclear receptors (NR), liver X receptor (LXRs) α (NR1H3) and β (NR1H2) (55), as evidenced by decreased LXR expression in IBD patients, and several colitis mouse models (Il-10-null mice and dextran sodium sulfate, DSS or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, TNBS-induced colitis) (56, 57) accompanied by decreased expression of ABCA1 (an LXR target gene) (57).