AKT1 and sarcopenia: With regard to treatments such as BST204 (a purified extract from herbs) and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplements, an intermediate product of leucine metabolism focused on myogenesis and improving function of myotubes to offer new treatments for ageing-associated muscle decline, their underlying mechanisms involve the AMPKα/Sirt1/PGC-1α and PI3K/Akt pathways [35–37], whereas currently, there is no approved pharmacological treatment for sarcopenia [38].