Several biological pathways (including Akt-mTOR-S6 kinase axis) may be activated in the kidney during this viral infection and are necessary to ensure the virus replication/dissemination (22) and they may activate a virus-related immune-inflammatory network leading to the release of cytokines and chemokines able to induce an accelerated chronic allograft damage. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and viral infectious disease.