Subsequently, Sun et al. [44] reported the phase I clinical study of allogeneic BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs transplantation in the treatment of refractory SLE.[45] The results showed that transfusion of allogeneic BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs significantly resulted in disease remission, decreased proteinuria, improved renal function, increased serum albumin and complement level, and decreased level of autoantibody in patients with severe lupus, who were otherwise poorly responsive to conventional therapy. Here, ALB is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.