In Chernobyl, especially in patients with thyroid cancer with a short latent period of 7–10 years, 64–86% of them had RET/PTC chromosomal rearrangement mutations, especially RET/PTC3 rearrangements.63 Analyses of driver mutations in 67 papillary thyroid carcinomas and one poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma in Fukushima detected BRAFV600E in 43 cases (63.2%), RET/PTC1 in six (8.8%), RET/PTC3 in one (1.5%), and ETV6/NTRK3 in four (5.9%). The gene discussed is RET; the disease is poorly differentiated thyroid gland carcinoma.