According to the induced venous congestion subgroups, VEGF and TNF-α serum levels were significantly increased in the 3 treatment subgroups compared to the control (p < 0.001), with a significant increase in VEGF serum level in the nitroglycerin subgroup compared to the BoTA and clopidogrel ones (p < 0.001) with no statistical difference between both subgroups (p = 0.421). Here, TNF is linked to hyperemia.