When the cervicovaginal levels of key biomarkers for both EC subtypes, identified in the ROC analysis, were compared among the disease groups, all seven proteins (CYFRA 21-1, IL-10, TGF-α, TIM-3, TNFα, TRAIL and VEGF were significantly (P < 0.0001) elevated in both low-grade EEC and other EC groups when compared to benign conditions (Fig. 4A). This evidence concerns the gene TGFA and exstrophy-epispadias complex.