TRPV1 and infection: In addition to chemical-induced colitis, TRPV1+ neurons also protect against infection caused by an enteric bacterial pathogen Citrobacter rodentium as RTX-induced ablation of the TRPV1+ fibers increases fecal and colonic adherent C. rodentium on day 10 post-infection (p.i.)until day 29 p.i., which is recapitulated by genetic ablation of the TRPV1 channel function (Ramirez et al., 2020).