GPT and Hepatic fibrosis: All predictive ML models using genomics (whole HBV sequencing data and viral quasispecies), showed higher AUC values (validation group AUC of 0.8838, 0.8801, and 0.8793 for SVM, kNN, and RF, respectively) compared to models commonly used for liver fibrosis, based on HBsAg, ALT, APRI, and FIB-4 (validation group AUC of 0.6759, 0.6806, 0.7033 and 0.7276, respectively), indicating better classification (Wang M. et al., 2021) (Table 2).