Astrocytes are considered the main IFN-β producers of the brain in many cases of neurotropic viral infections, including RABV, TMEV, and VSV, and have been established to sense viral components in a TLR3/RIG-I/MDA-5 mediated pathway leading to IFN-β induction in theses cell types (10, 12). Here, IFNB1 is linked to viral infectious disease.