Comparison of the interleukin levels of the baseline period versus the treatment period demonstrated decreased IFN-γ levels from 12 pg/ml (IQR, 11–22) to 11 pg/ml (IQR, 10–16) with EPP-AF treatment (p = 0.005 and an effect size of 0.47). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is atrial fibrillation.