When the duration of diabetes is ≤5 years, compared with the other subgroups, the SAID and SIDD groups had higher usage rates of metformin, AGI, and insulin; the SIRD group had higher usage rates of metformin, AGI, and GLP-1RA; the MOD and MARD groups had higher usage rates of metformin, AGI, and SGLT-2i. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.