Although IL-17 is commonly believed to play a pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic and pro-atherosclerotic role in NAFLD-related diseases, several studies have reported an opposite effect, in which functional blockade of IL-17 enhances hepatic steatosis (69, 70) (Figure 1) and accelerates the development of atherosclerosis. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is Hepatic steatosis.