In addition, the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling is known to induce radioresistance in various tumors by increasing HIF-1α translation efficiency, and elevated PDK1 is a driver of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in HCC, suggesting that this pathway is a potential therapeutic target to reverse radiotherapy resistance (185, 186). Here, HIF1A is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.