The kisspeptin/KISS1R system has been established as a regulator of puberty based on studies showing that inactivating and activating mutations in either KISS1 or KISS1R were associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and precocious puberty (de Roux et al., 2003; Seminara et al., 2003; Topaloglu et al., 2012; Novaira et al., 2014). Here, KISS1 is linked to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.