Moreover, leukocytes from T1D displayed increased conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II (Fig. 3C, p < 0.05) and decreased amounts of the cargo proteins P62 (Fig. 3D, p < 0.05) and NBR1 (Fig. 3E, p < 0.01), all indicative of autophagosome maturation. This evidence concerns the gene NBR1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.