TNF and COVID-19: Data analysis demonstrated that overall, the COVID-19 group exhibited a massive storm of soluble mediators in comparison to the healthy controls, characterized by increased levels of CXCL8, CCL3, CCL4, CCL2, CCL5, CXCL10, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-15, IL-1Ra, IL-9, FGF-basic, G-CSF and IL-2; and decreased levels of CCL11, IL-12, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, PDGF, VEGF, GM-CSF and IL-7.