TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Most intriguingly, under pathological conditions, TDP-43 accumulates and forms inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of motor neurons, which is a common pathological hallmark of most cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as well as associated with an increasing spectrum of other major neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Huntington’s (HD) diseases7–14.