In the REPAIR-T1D trial, a weak trend towards RBCF preservation was noted in a subgroup of patients with elevated glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastrin concentrations, suggesting indirect effects of lansoprazole.(24) Therefore, combination therapy may have protected RBCF via direct effects of lansoprazole on β-cells neogenesis and modulation of immunological mechanisms of β-cell destruction by cholecalciferol.(14,18). This evidence concerns the gene GCG and type 1 diabetes mellitus.