Many studies have consistently reported increased levels of proinflammatory factors, such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP1A), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), TNFα, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with COVID-19, suggesting the possibility of SARS-CoV-2-induced CS [49,88]. Here, CSF3 is linked to Cowden syndrome 1.