The subjects with NAFLD tend to be older; were more likely to be male; be Mexican American; be former smokers; had hypertension and diabetes mellitus; had less than an education level above high school; had higher BMI, waist circumference, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, vitamin A, vitamin E, gamma-glutamyltransferase, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose. Here, INS is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.