Rong et al. found that macrophage‐derived inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, γ‐IFN, IL‐6, IL‐12, IL‐18, IL‐1β) and chemokines (IL‐8, IP‐10) play an important role in the resistance to T. marneffei in patients with extreme deficiency of the adaptive immune system after HIV infection. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is HIV infectious disease.