A large number of previous studies revealed that serum expression levels of TGF-α and TGF-β were significantly higher in patients with hydatidosis than in non-patients, and the expression levels of TGF-α and TGF-β in cystic tissue effusion were significantly higher than in paracystal tissue or the outer capsule in patients. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is echinococcosis.