LIF and infection: Therefore, the TGF-β/LIF signaling pathway was chosen as the research object in this study in order to conduct a clinical trial and in vitro experiments to further explore the role of this signaling pathway in the in vivo cyst formation process after the infection of E. multilocularis eggs in children; this is done with the aim to (1) reveal the relevant molecular mechanism of the cyst formation process of hydatidosis parasites in children and (2) hopefully provide a research basis for the prevention and treatment of cystic echinococcosis in children.