Third, patients with limited GPA, alveolar hemorrhage with respiratory failure, or creatinine level greater than 4.0 mg/dL (to convert to μmol/L, multiply by 88.4) or who received concomitant treatment with plasma exchange(s), methotrexate, or azathioprine as part of their induction regimen were excluded. The gene discussed is GYPA; the disease is respiratory failure.