IL6 and columnar cell hyperplasia of the breast: CCH has been reported to increase the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) 17,21-26, and promote cortical microbleeds, which are structural lesions in the brain that compromise cerebrovascular integrity and perfusion 27.