BAX and type 2 diabetes mellitus: However, despite that fact that PA administration led to a decrease in the number of apoptotic “dark” neurons with pyknotic nuclei compared with the T2DM group, unexpectedly, pro-apoptotic protein Bax (both dimer and monomer forms) as well as caspase-3 levels were upregulated after PA administration, showing the tendency to the launch of apoptosis, however, it was not reflected at the cellular level with apoptotic signs.