TLR9 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: This study showed that NACT promoted antitumor immunity in non-small cell lung cancer by recruiting T and B cells and by phenotypic polarization toward cytotoxic and memory CD8+ T cells or CD4+ memory T cells, suggesting that combining T-cell agonists (such as TLR9, STING, and IL-10 agonists) can be a promising treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (131).