GPT and cholestasis: The efficiency in jaundice reduction or improvement in liver function was calculated as follows: biochemical indicator level before PBD – the most recent biochemical indicator level before PD/biochemical indicator level before PBD.In the PBD group, a significant improvement was noted in TB, DB, AST, and ALT levels (improve efficiency between 38.66%–56.95%) after biliary drainage, which was indicative of a partial relief of the cholestasis and restoration of liver function.