TNF and Cognitive impairment: Improve memory and QoL in MS patients (Noroozian et al., 2011)Reverse cognitive impairment with a moderate beneficial effect in MS patients (Johnson et al., 2006)Improve memory and QoL, reduce inflammation and fatigue, reverse cognitive impairment in MS patients (Lovera et al., 2007)Ineffective on cognitive performance in MS patients (Lovera et al., 2012)Inhibit TLR4, NF-κB, iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α expression, up-regulate Arg-1, NTF, regulate microglia and astrocytes balance, induce OPCs generation, myelin production in CPZ-induced demyelinating model (Yin et al., 2020)