According to (Ahmed et al., (2013) AD-related increased brain AchE levels and pro-inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (CRP), total nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), significantly decreased after treatment with Piper nigrum extract (187.5 also 93.75 mg/kg. Here, CCL2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.