The application of polysaccharides in the diet- and/or drug-induced T2DM animal models ameliorated glucose tolerance (94), inhibited insulin resistance (95), protected damaged pancreatic islets (96), improved β cell function (95), enhanced lipid metabolism thus increasing insulin sensitivity in the liver (97), and reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory response (98) to relieve T2DM. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.