Four SNPs including rs2068834 in/near ZNF512, rs9992651 in/near HSD17B13, rs17216588 in/near CLIP2, and rs738408 in/near PNPLA3 were utilized as IVs of NAFLD, in which rs738408 was used as a proxy for rs738409 in the MR analyses as the latter is a palindromic SNP (Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.