In this study, we focused on a subset of atrophic gastritis patients who showed high dimethylation of eEF1A in the basal area of H. pylori-eradicated mucosa and found that the high dimethylation of eEF1A in PG1-positive cells, which are chief cells in the basal area of gastric mucosa, correlated with GC incidence in post-eradicated gastric mucosa (Additional file 6: Table S1). The gene discussed is EEF1A1; the disease is gastric cancer.