VLDLR and hydrops fetalis: Although evidence supporting a relationship between cholesterol remnants and non-ischemic causes of HF is limited, the induction of VLDL receptor (VLDLR) abundance and TGRL uptake by cardiomyocytes in an experimental postprandial setting [46] suggest a role for VLDLR in atrial cardiomyopathy and ventricular dysfunction [47, 48].