HFD GPSM1 deficiency mice had a 1.4-fold elevation of serum adiponectin level and a 56.6% decrease in hyperleptinemia (Fig. 2e), as well as a 69.7 and a 25.2% decrease in fasting hyperinsulinemia and glucose (Fig. 2f, g), respectively, when compared with the levels in the control mice. Here, GPSM1 is linked to hyperinsulinism.