The hypergeometric distribution showed that in the cancer region, TM4SF1 + cancer cells (Epi-C0) colocalized with the two subtypes of NK cells (T/NK-C4: GNLY and T/NK-C5: NKG7) and mast cells (Mye-C0: TPSB2, Mye-C9: CPA3) (Supplementary Fig. 11c). This evidence concerns the gene CPA3 and cancer.