TM4SF1 and cancer: Both cancer regions 0 and 5 were highly enriched with TM4SF1 + cancer cells (Epi-C0) and UBE2C + cancer cells (Epi-C6), especially region 5 (Fig. 7c), which was consistent with the findings of scRNA-seq that the proportions of both TM4SF1 + (Epi-C0) and UBE2C + (Epi-C6) cancer cells were dramatically elevated in IAC (Fig. 2c).