Compared with the group without FoH, the group with FoH had a longer duration of insulin use (P < 0.001), longer duration of diabetes (P = 0.029), more diabetes complications (P = 0.005), and a larger proportion of diabetic retinopathy (P = 0.032) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (P = 0.002). This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetic retinopathy.