NR3C2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: High levels of ROS, increased activity and expression of 11-β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), and high plasma levels of aldosterone have been suggested as causes of MR overactivity in patients with obesity, but the exact mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are yet to be elucidated [53].