DKK1 and diabetes mellitus: Folestad et al. reported sclerostin, Dkk-1, Wnt-1, and Wif-1 levels at initial visits higher in patients with DM versus CDF and healthy subjects but similar in CDF and healthy subjects; and, respectively, at two-year follow-up as higher for sclerostin and Wnt-1; and with no difference for Dkk-1, but with higher values for Wif-1 in patients with DM versus CDF [20] (Table 3).