Moreover, two haplotypes such as rs7838717T-rs4279640T-rs3757971C and rs7838717T-rs4279640T-rs3757971T of HSF1 showed significant associations with T2D risk in overweight or obese females, whereas the rs7838717C-rs4279640T-rs3757971T haplotype was associated with disease risk in males with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. This evidence concerns the gene HSF1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.