The level of vitreous IL-8 appeared to increase from CTL (100.0 ± 20.9%) to DM (132.3 ± 18.8%) to DR (170.0 ± 20.31%) but without significance between the groups (CTL vs. DM: p = 0.9829; CTL vs. DR: p = 0.2282; DM vs. DR: p = 0.6630) (Figure 8C). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is diabetes mellitus.