The first reports on the role of cocoa flavanols on Nrf2 described that epicatechin increased the reduced glutathione (GSH) content, stimulated Nrf2 via the AKT/PKB in the astrocytes [122], and induced the Nrf2 translocation and phosphorylation in cultured hepatoma cells [100]. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.