Theobromine downregulated the sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, fatty acid synthase (FASN), and upregulated the PPARα and CPT1a mRNA and protein levels in cultured hepatocytes and improved non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake and promoting fatty acid oxidation in the liver, which might be associated with its suppression of the mTOR signaling pathway [213]. This evidence concerns the gene FASN and alcoholic fatty liver disease.