TGFB1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Furthermore, we studied TGF-β expression and proposed a more simple and efficient way for its assessment (nuclear staining), since this molecular target has been outlined as a potential prognostic biomarker that may open a new line of research pointed towards TGF-β inhibitor therapies in NSCLC, in combination with ICIs in those patients with a worse prognosis.