CCL5 and neoplasm: In ESCC tumor tissues (IHC), CXCL10 and CCL5 (also known to be a type 1 DC chemoattractant) were positively associated with local expressions of cytotoxic lymphocyte markers, such as CD8 and granzyme B. Thus, CCL5 expression is positively associated with a better outcome and high CXCL10 is an independent prognostic factor of overall survival and disease-free survival in ESCC [135,136].