In this respect, the action of toxins like CDT appears to have similar consequences as the lack of the Arp2/3 complex activating factor WASP in patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, which suffer from thrombocytopenia, an insufficiency of the immune cells to migrate and form contacts (as seen in CDTa-treated Caco2 cells), and gastrointestinal hemorrhage [6,7,8]. Here, WAS is linked to Gastrointestinal hemorrhage.