During the progression of NAFL to NASH, O-GlcNAcylation modifies I6PK1 and the Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunit p65 to increase the inflammatory injury, while the NF-κB subunit c-Rel undergoes O-GlcNAcylation to exert an anti-inflammatory effect under hyperglycemic conditions [17,60,61]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver.