NPY and post-traumatic stress disorder: Clinical: A pilot clinical study exploring the safety and efficacy of IN-NPY for the treatment of PTSD has been carried out with 24 individuals in a randomized, double-blind, single ascending dose-range study with the following doses: 1.4 mg, 2.8 mg, 4.6 mg, 6.8 mg, and 9.6 mg IN-NPY.