To prove that both canonical and non-canonical pathways in SC mediate PGE2 production induced by tumor treatment, we used SB431542, a selective inhibitor of the TGF-βRI/ALK4/5/7 canonical pathway, and UO126, a selective inhibitor of MAPK/ERK kinase, to treat SC prior to activation with B16-conditioned medium. This evidence concerns the gene ACVR1B and neoplasm.